Ukuqina kwamuva kokubuyekezwa kokuthobela imithetho kanye nezinqubomgomo zentela ezimakethe zase-US nase-EU kudale igagasi elisha lezinselelo kubathumeli bangaphandle baseShayina. Intuthuko ephawulekayo ifaka phakathi ukunwetshwa kwesilingo se-Carbon Border Adjustment Mechanism (CBAM) se-EU kanye nokwandiswa okungenzeka kwentela yeSigaba 301 yi-US, okushiya izinkampani eziningi ezincane neziphakathi nendawo zokuhweba kwamanye amazwe zisesimweni "sokukhathazeka ngokuthobela imithetho."
Ukwandiswa kwe-CBAM Kukhuphula Izindleko Zokukhiqiza Ukuthunyelwa Kwamanye Amazwe
I-EU yangena esigabeni soguquko se-CBAM ngo-Okthoba 2023, ekuqaleni ihlose izimboni ezifana nensimbi, i-aluminium, kanye ne-simende. Kusukela ngo-2024, ububanzi buye banda kancane kancane ukuze kufakwe imikhiqizo engezansi njengogesi kanye nepulasitiki. Lokhu kusho ukuthi abakhiqizi abathumela kwamanye amazwe e-EU akumele nje babale umthelela wekhabhoni wemikhiqizo yabo kodwa futhi bathwale izindleko ezengeziwe zokubika ikhabhoni. Ezinye izinkampani zibika ukuthi ukubalwa kwekhabhoni kunezela cishe u-3-5% nge-oda ngalinye, umthwalo omkhulu wamabhizinisi anemisebenzi emincane, enezigaba eziningi.
Inqubomgomo Yentela Yase-US Engaqiniseki Iphakamisa Izingozi Zokuthunyelwa Kwezimpahla Zabathengi
I-US Trade Representative (USTR) okwamanje ibuyekeza ukuthi ingabe izokwandisa yini amanani entengo eSigaba 301 ezimpahleni zaseShayina, ihlanganisa izigaba zabathengi ezifana ne-elekthronikhi, ifenisha, kanye nezindwangu. Nakuba kungekho sinqumo sokugcina esimenyezelwe, ukungaqiniseki kwentengo yesikhathi esifushane sekuholele abanye abathengi baseMelika ekubambezeleni ama-oda noma bacele abahlinzeki baseShayina ukuthi babelane ngezindleko zentengo ezingaba khona. Omunye umthengisi wangaphandle waphawula, “Amakhasimende aseqala ukucela izinketho ezimbili zamanani: ngamanani entengo nangaphandle kwawo. Izingxoxo ngokusobala zithatha isikhathi eside.”
Izimakethe Ezisafufusa Zilandela Izithiyo Zokuhweba
Ithonywe yizinqubomgomo ze-EU ne-US, izimakethe ezisafufusa njengeMexico neTurkey nazo ziqinisa ukuhlolwa kwemvelaphi kanye nezindinganiso zemvelo zokungeniswa kwempahla kwamanye amazwe. Muva nje iMexico iqinise uphenyo olumelene nokulahla izimpahla kwamanye amazwe ase-Asia, ikakhulukazi oluhlose insimbi kanye nezinto zobumba. ITurkey ihlela ukuqalisa uhlelo lokulebula "lwesimemezelo esiluhlaza" sesitayela se-EU phakathi nonyaka. Lezi zinguquko ziphoqa abanye abathumeli ngaphandle ukuthi bahlele kabusha amaketanga okuphakelwa noma bashintshele amandla athile okukhiqiza eNingizimu-mpumalanga ye-Asia noma eMpumalanga Yurophu.
Isu Lokuphendula: Ukwakha Amandla Okuthobela Umthetho Njengokuncintisana Okuyinhloko
Njengoba kubhekene nezithiyo zokuhweba zomhlaba wonke ezikhulayo, abathumeli ngaphandle kumele baqinise izindawo ezintathu ezibalulekile:
- Ukuphathwa Kwedatha Yekhabhoni - Sungula uhlelo lokulandelela umkhondo wekhabhoni yomkhiqizo bese uphishekela izitifiketi eziluhlaza eziqashelwa emhlabeni wonke (isb., i-EPD).
- Ukuhlukahluka Kwezinketho Zokunikezela - Hlola ukuthi kungenzeka yini ukusetha izindawo zokugcina impahla zakwamanye amazwe noma ukukhiqizwa ngokubambisana ezifundeni ezifana neNingizimu-mpumalanga ye-Asia noma iMexico ukuze kuncishiswe izingozi zemakethe eyodwa.
- Ukuqwashisa Ngokuhlela Intengo - Sebenzisa Imithetho Yemvelaphi ngaphansi kwezivumelwano zokuhweba ngokukhululekile (isb., i-RCEP) futhi uthuthukise ukuhlukaniswa kwezimpahla kanye namasu okubeka amanani.
Isiphetho
Isimo sokuhweba samazwe ngamazwe siyashintsha sisuka “ekuncintisaneni ngentengo” siye “ekuncintisaneni kokuthobela imithetho.” Izinkampani zingagcina isikhundla sazo phakathi kokuhlelwa kabusha kweketanga lokuphakelwa komhlaba wonke. Izitayela zenqubomgomo zizohlala ziyinto ebalulekile ethinta ama-oda okuthumela kwamanye amazwe ezinyangeni eziyisithupha ezizayo.
Isikhathi sokuthunyelwe: Jan-23-2026